How it works
robots.txt is the plain-text file at the root of your site that tells crawlers which paths they may fetch. Each rule block names a User-agent followed by Allow or Disallow paths; crawlers match their own agent name first and fall back to *. The generator builds those blocks row by row — agent, directive, path — and renders the final file ready to paste at your domain root.
Optional fields cover the two standard extras: a Sitemap: line pointing crawlers at your XML sitemap (supported by every major engine), and Crawl-delay, honored by Bing and Yandex but ignored by Google — for Google, rate limiting lives in Search Console settings, not robots.txt.
The AI-crawler preset adds disallow blocks for the common LLM bots — GPTBot, ClaudeBot, CCBot, Google-Extended, PerplexityBot and others — for sites that want to opt out of training crawls while staying fully visible to search. Blocking AI bots does not affect Googlebot or rankings; the directives are independent.
Remember what robots.txt is not: it is a crawl hint, not access control. Well-behaved bots honor it, malicious ones ignore it, and a disallowed URL can still appear in search results without a description if other pages link to it. To keep a page out of the index, use a noindex meta tag — and never block CSS or JS that Google needs to render your pages.
Worked example
Build a typical configuration: everything allowed, one private section excluded, sitemap declared.
| Line | Effect |
|---|---|
User-agent: * | The following rules apply to every crawler. |
Disallow: /admin/ | All bots skip the admin subtree. |
Disallow: /search? | Internal search result URLs stay uncrawled. |
Sitemap: https://example.com/sitemap.xml | Crawlers discover every indexable URL directly. |
- Add your rules: One row per directive: user-agent, Allow or Disallow, path prefix.
- Use a preset: Allow all, block all, or block common AI crawlers in one click.
- Declare the sitemap: Add the sitemap URL so engines discover every indexable page.
- Copy and verify: Paste at your domain root, then test in Search Console and Bing WMT.
Matching is prefix-based: Disallow: /admin also blocks /administrator. Google supports * wildcards and $ end-anchors (/*.pdf$), but those extensions are not universal — keep rules simple for cross-engine safety.
Common errors and edge cases
- Disallow is not noindex. A blocked URL can still be indexed (without snippet) if links point to it. Use a noindex meta tag for deindexing; robots.txt only controls crawling.
- Blocking assets breaks rendering. Disallowing /css/ or /js/ prevents Google from rendering your pages correctly — a direct ranking risk. Never block render resources.
- Order and specificity. For Google, the most specific matching rule wins (Allow can override a broader Disallow); simpler bots may read rules in order. Test edge cases in Search Console's robots.txt tester.
- Crawl-delay does not apply to Google. Only Bing, Yandex and some smaller bots honor it. Google crawl rate is managed in Search Console.
- Wrong file location. The file must live at the domain root — /robots.txt — plain text, publicly accessible. A robots.txt in a subdirectory is ignored.
Code equivalents
Verify the result with the engines themselves before shipping — robots.txt mistakes are silent and expensive.
| Tool | Usage |
|---|---|
| curl | curl -s https://example.com/robots.txt — confirm the file is public, plain text and at the root. |
| Search Console's robots.txt report shows fetched rules, errors and a per-URL block tester. | |
| Bing | Bing Webmaster Tools offers its own robots.txt validator — worth checking since Bing honors Crawl-delay. |
Related tools
Frequently asked questions
Does robots.txt keep pages out of Google?
No — it controls crawling, not indexing. A disallowed URL can still be indexed without a description if it is linked. Use a noindex meta tag to prevent indexing, and never disallow a page you want deindexed (Google must crawl it to see the noindex).
How do I block AI training crawlers but keep search?
Add Disallow: / blocks for the AI user-agents (the preset inserts GPTBot, ClaudeBot, CCBot, Google-Extended and friends) while leaving Googlebot and Bingbot untouched. Search indexing is unaffected.
Where must the file live and what format?
At the domain root as /robots.txt, served as plain text with HTTP 200. Subdirectories and HTML error pages are ignored.
Does Google honor Crawl-delay?
No. Crawl-delay is honored by Bing and Yandex; Google crawl rate is configured in Search Console settings, not robots.txt.
Can I block everything except one directory?
Yes: Disallow: / followed by Allow: /public/. Google honors the most specific rule, so the Allow wins for that subtree — but verify in the Search Console tester, since smaller bots read rules more naively.
Privacy note
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